Virginia, with its diverse landscapes, is home to a variety of spiders, many of which find their way into our homes. While most are harmless, understanding the common species can alleviate anxieties and promote peaceful coexistence. This guide will explore the most frequently encountered house spiders in the Commonwealth, addressing common questions and concerns.
What are the most common spiders found in Virginia houses?
Several spider species commonly inhabit Virginia homes. The most prevalent include:
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American House Spider ( Parasteatoda tepidariorum ): This is arguably the most common house spider in Virginia. They are small, with tan to brown bodies and distinctive messy, three-dimensional webs. They're often found in corners, behind furniture, and in dark, undisturbed areas. They are generally harmless to humans.
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Barn Funnel Weaver ( Tegenaria domestica ): These spiders are larger than the American house spider, with a longer leg span. Their webs are funnel-shaped, often found in dark corners or crevices. While they can be alarming due to their size, they are also generally non-aggressive and pose little threat.
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Cellar Spider ( Pholcus phalangioides ): Also known as daddy longlegs spiders (though this name is sometimes mistakenly applied to harvestmen, which are arachnids, but not spiders), cellar spiders have long, thin legs and small bodies. They build irregular, messy webs in dark, damp places like cellars, basements, and closets. They are not considered dangerous to humans.
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Jumping Spiders ( Salticidae family ): Virginia is home to many jumping spider species. These are small, often brightly colored spiders known for their excellent vision and jumping ability. They are active hunters, rather than web-builders, and are not considered aggressive or dangerous.
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Orb Weavers ( Araneidae family ): While many orb weavers live outdoors, some species might wander inside. They are known for their beautiful, spiral-shaped webs. While their bites are rarely dangerous to humans, they can be a nuisance.
Are these spiders dangerous?
The spiders listed above are generally not considered dangerous to humans. Their bites, while possible, are typically mild and comparable to a mosquito bite – causing minimal discomfort. However, individual reactions can vary, and anyone experiencing an allergic reaction or unusual symptoms should seek medical attention.
How do I get rid of spiders in my house?
While completely eliminating spiders from your home is nearly impossible, you can significantly reduce their numbers through preventative measures:
- Clean regularly: Dust, vacuum, and clean frequently to eliminate food sources (insects) that attract spiders. Pay special attention to corners and crevices.
- Seal entry points: Caulk gaps and cracks around windows, doors, and pipes to prevent spiders from entering.
- Remove webs: Regularly remove spider webs, discouraging their re-establishment.
- Use natural repellents: Certain essential oils, like peppermint and tea tree oil, are believed to deter spiders. However, effectiveness varies.
- Consider professional pest control: For severe infestations, professional pest control services can provide targeted solutions.
What attracts spiders to my house?
Spiders are primarily attracted to places with ample food sources – insects. Clutter, dampness, and poorly maintained areas provide ideal habitats for insects, subsequently attracting spiders.
How can I identify the specific species of spider in my house?
Precise spider identification often requires examining fine details under magnification. Online resources, such as field guides and university entomology websites, offer visual aids for comparison. If you're unsure or concerned, you can contact your local agricultural extension office or a pest control professional for assistance.
What is the best way to prevent spiders from entering my home?
Preventing spider entry involves eliminating their food sources and sealing potential entry points. Maintaining a clean and well-maintained home, sealing cracks and crevices, and using screens on windows and doors are effective strategies.
This guide provides a foundational understanding of common house spiders in Virginia. Remember, while some people may find spiders unsettling, most are harmless and play a crucial role in controlling insect populations. By understanding their habits and implementing preventative measures, you can achieve a peaceful coexistence with these eight-legged inhabitants.
